Philippines

source : World Fact Book 2008 (October 2008)

SEE UPDATED INFORMATION HERE

   Introduction    Philippines
Background:
Definition Field Listing The Philippine Islands became a Spanish colony during the 16th century; they were ceded to the US in 1898 following the Spanish-American War. In 1935 the Philippines became a self-governing commonwealth. Manuel QUEZON was elected president and was tasked with preparing the country for independence after a 10-year transition. In 1942 the islands fell under Japanese occupation during World War II, and US forces and Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to regain control. On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the Philippines attained its independence. The 20-year rule of Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986, when a "people power" movement in Manila ("EDSA 1") forced him into exile and installed Corazon AQUINO as president. Her presidency was hampered by several coup attempts, which prevented a return to full political stability and economic development. Fidel RAMOS was elected president in 1992 and his administration was marked by greater stability and progress on economic reforms. In 1992, the US closed its last military bases on the islands. Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in 1998, but was succeeded by his vice-president, Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in January 2001 after ESTRADA's stormy impeachment trial on corruption charges broke down and another "people power" movement ("EDSA 2") demanded his resignation. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO was elected to a six-year term as president in May 2004. The Philippine Government faces threats from three terrorist groups on the US Government's Foreign Terrorist Organization list, but in 2006 and 2007 scored some major successes in capturing or killing key wanted terrorists. Decades of Muslim insurgency in the southern Philippines have led to a peace accord with one group and an ongoing cease-fire and peace talks with another.
   Geography    Philippines
Location:
Definition Field Listing Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing 13 00 N, 122 00 E
Map references:
Definition Field Listing Southeast Asia
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 300,000 sq km
land: 298,170 sq km
water: 1,830 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing slightly larger than Arizona
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing 0 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing 36,289 km
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing territorial sea: irregular polygon extending up to 100 nm from coastline as defined by 1898 treaty; since late 1970s has also claimed polygonal-shaped area in South China Sea up to 285 nm in breadth
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: to depth of exploitation
Climate:
Definition Field Listing tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April); southwest monsoon (May to October)
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing lowest point: Philippine Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Apo 2,954 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing timber, petroleum, nickel, cobalt, silver, gold, salt, copper
Land use:
Definition Field Listing arable land: 19%
permanent crops: 16.67%
other: 64.33% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing 15,500 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Definition Field Listing 479 cu km (1999)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Definition Field Listing total: 28.52 cu km/yr (17%/9%/74%)
per capita: 343 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing uncontrolled deforestation especially in watershed areas; soil erosion; air and water pollution in major urban centers; coral reef degradation; increasing pollution of coastal mangrove swamps that are important fish breeding grounds
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing the Philippine archipelago is made up of 7,107 islands; favorably located in relation to many of Southeast Asia's main water bodies: the South China Sea, Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea, and Luzon Strait
   People    Philippines
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 96,061,680 (July 2008 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing 0-14 years: 35.5% (male 17,392,780/female 16,708,255)
15-64 years: 60.4% (male 28,986,232/female 29,076,329)
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 1,682,485/female 2,215,602) (2008 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing total: 22.3 years
male: 21.8 years
female: 22.8 years (2008 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing 1.991% (2008 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 26.42 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 5.15 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order -1.36 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 21.2 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.86 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 18.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total population: 70.8 years
male: 67.89 years
female: 73.85 years (2008 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 3.32 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order less than 0.1% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 9,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order fewer than 500 (2003 est.)
Major infectious diseases:
Definition Field Listing degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria (2008)
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing noun: Filipino(s)
adjective: Philippine
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing Tagalog 28.1%, Cebuano 13.1%, Ilocano 9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%, Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%, Bikol 6%, Waray 3.4%, other 25.3% (2000 census)
Religions:
Definition Field Listing Roman Catholic 80.9%, Muslim 5%, Evangelical 2.8%, Iglesia ni Kristo 2.3%, Aglipayan 2%, other Christian 4.5%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.6%, none 0.1% (2000 census)
Languages:
Definition Field Listing Filipino (official; based on Tagalog) and English (official); eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 92.6%
male: 92.5%
female: 92.7% (2000 census)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Definition Field Listing total: 12 years
male: 11 years
female: 12 years (2006)
Education expenditures:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.5% of GDP (2005)
   Government    Philippines
Country name:
Definition Field Listing conventional long form: Republic of the Philippines
conventional short form: Philippines
local long form: Republika ng Pilipinas
local short form: Pilipinas
Government type:
Definition Field Listing republic
Capital:
Definition Field Listing name: Manila
geographic coordinates: 14 35 N, 121 00 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing 81 provinces and 136 chartered cities
provinces: Abra, Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Aklan, Albay, Antique, Apayao, Aurora, Basilan, Bataan, Batanes, Batangas, Biliran, Benguet, Bohol, Bukidnon, Bulacan, Cagayan, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Camiguin, Capiz, Catanduanes, Cavite, Cebu, Compostela, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Dinagat Islands, Eastern Samar, Guimaras, Ifugao, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Iloilo, Isabela, Kalinga, Laguna, Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, La Union, Leyte, Maguindanao, Marinduque, Masbate, Mindoro Occidental, Mindoro Oriental, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, Mountain Province, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, North Cotabato, Northern Samar, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Palawan, Pampanga, Pangasinan, Quezon, Quirino, Rizal, Romblon, Samar, Sarangani, Shariff Kabunsuan, Siquijor, Sorsogon, South Cotabato, Southern Leyte, Sultan Kudarat, Sulu, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, Tarlac, Tawi-Tawi, Zambales, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay
chartered cities: Alaminos, Angeles, Antipolo, Bacolod, Bago, Baguio, Bais, Balanga, Batac, Batangas, Bayawan, Baybay, Bayugan, Bislig, Bogo, Borongan, Butuan, Cabadbaran, Cabanatuan, Cadiz, Cagayan de Oro, Calamba, Calapan, Calbayog, Candon, Canlaon, Carcar, Catbalogan, Cauayan, Cavite, Cebu, Cotabato, Dagupan, Danao, Dapitan, Davao, Digos, Dipolog, Dumaguete, Escalante, El Salvador, Gapan, General Santos, Gingoog, Guihulngan, Himamaylan, Iligan, Iloilo, Isabela, Iriga, Kabankalan, Kalookan, Kidapawan, Koronadal, La Carlota, Lamitan, Laoag, Lapu-Lapu, Las Pinas, Legazpi, Ligao, Lipa, Lucena, Maasin, Makati, Malabon, Malaybalay, Malolos, Mandaluyong, Mandaue, Manila, Marawi, Marikina, Masbate, Mati, Meycauayan, Muntinlupa, Munoz, Naga (Camarines Sur), Naga (Cebu), Navotas, Olongapo, Ormoc, Oroquieta, Ozamis, Pagadian, Palayan, Panabo, Paranaque, Pasay, Pasig, Passi, Puerto Princesa, Quezon, Roxas, Sagay, Samal, San Carlos (in Negros Occidental), San Carlos (in Pangasinan), San Fernando (in La Union), San Fernando (in Pampanga), San Jose, San Jose del Monte, San Juan, San Pablo, Santa Rosa, Santiago, Silay, Sipalay, Sorsogon, Surigao, Tabaco, Tabuk, Tacloban, Tacurong, Tagaytay, Tagbilaran, Taguig, Tagum, Talisay (in Cebu), Talisay (in Negros Occidental), Tanauan, Tandag, Tangub, Tanjay, Tarlac, Tayabas, Toledo, Tuguegarao, Trece Martires, Urdaneta, Valencia, Valenzuela, Victorias, Vigan, Zamboanga (2007)
Independence:
Definition Field Listing 12 June 1898 (independence proclaimed from Spain); 4 July 1946 (from the US)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing Independence Day, 12 June (1898); note - 12 June 1898 was date of declaration of independence from Spain; 4 July 1946 was date of independence from US
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing 2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing based on Spanish and Anglo-American law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing chief of state: President Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO (since 20 January 2001); note - president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO (since 20 January 2001)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president with consent of Commission of Appointments
elections: president and vice president (Manuel "Noli" DE CASTRO) elected on separate tickets by popular vote for a single six-year term; election last held on 10 May 2004 (next to be held in May 2010)
election results: Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO elected president; percent of vote - Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO 40%, Fernando POE 37%, three others 23%
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing bicameral Congress or Kongreso consists of the Senate or Senado (24 seats - one-half elected every three years; members elected at large by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and the House of Representatives or Kapulungan Ng Mga Kinatawan (as a result of May 2007 election it has 239 seats including 218 members representing districts and 21 sectoral party-list members representing special minorities elected on the basis of 1 seat for every 2% of the total vote but limited to 3 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; note - the Constitution prohibits the House of Representatives from having more than 250 members)
elections: Senate - last held on 14 May 2007 (next to be held in May 2010); House of Representatives - elections last held on 14 May 2007 (next to be held in May 2010)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Lakas-Kampi 4, LP 4, NPC 3, Nacionalista 2, independents 4, others 6; note - there are 23 rather than 24 sitting senators because one senator was elected mayor of Manila; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Lakas 86, Kampi 46, NPC 29, LP 21, Party-list 21, others 36
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing Supreme Court (15 justices are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council and serve until 70 years of age); Court of Appeals; Sandigan-bayan (special court for hearing corruption cases of government officials)
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing Genuine Opposition or GO (coalition of oppositon parties formed to contest the 2007 elections); Kabalikat Ng Malayang Pilipino or Kampi [Ronaldo PUNO]; Laban Ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or LDP [Edgardo ANGARA]; Lakas Ng Edsa (National Union of Christian Democrats) or Lakas [Jose DE VENECIA]; Liberal Party or LP [Manuel ROXAS]; Nacionalista [Manuel VILLAR]; National People's Coalition or NPC [Frisco SAN JUAN]; PDP-Laban [Aquilino PIMENTEL]; People's Reform Party [Miriam Defensor SANTIAGO]; PROMDI [Emilio OSMENA]; Pwersa Ng Masang Pilipino (Party of the Philippine Masses) or PMP [Joseph ESTRADA]; Reporma [Renato DE VILLA]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing AKBAYAN [Etta ROSALES, Mario AGUJA, and Risa HONTIVEROS-BARAQUIEL]; ALAGAD [Rodante MARROLITA]; ALIF [Acmad TOMAWIS]; An Waray [Horencio NOEL]; Anak Mindanao [Mujiv HATAMIN]; ANAKPAWIS [Crispin BELTRAN and Rafael MARIANO]; Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives (APEC) [Sunny Rose MADAMBA, Ernesto PABLO, and Edgar VALDEZ]; AVE [Eulogio MAGSAYSAY]; Bayan Muna [Satur OCAMPO, Joel VIRADOR, and Teodoro CASINO, Jr.]; BUHAY [Rene VELARDE and Hans Christian SENERES]; BUTIL [Benjamin CRUZ]; CIBAC [Emmanuel Joel VILLANUEVA]; COOP-NATCO [Guillermo CUA]; GABRIELA [Liza MAZA]; Partido Ng Manggagawa [Renato MAGTUBO]; Veterans Federation of the Philippines [Ernesto GIDAYA]
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing ADB, APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CP, EAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMIT, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing chief of mission: Ambassador Willy C. GAA
chancery: 1600 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (202) 467-9300
FAX: [1] (202) 467-9417
consulate(s) general: Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands), Tamuning (Guam)
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing chief of mission: Ambassador Kristie A. KENNEY
embassy: 1201 Roxas Boulevard, Ermita 1000, Manila
mailing address: PSC 500, FPO AP 96515-1000
telephone: [63] (2) 301-2000
FAX: [63] (2) 522-4361
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing two equal horizontal bands of blue (top; representing peace and justice) and red (representing courage); a white equilateral triangle based on the hoist side represents equality; the center of the triangle displays a yellow sun with eight primary rays, each representing one of the first eight provinces that sought independence from Spain; each corner of the triangle contains a small, yellow, five-pointed star representing the three major geographical divisions of the country: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao; the design of the flag dates to 1897; in wartime the flag is flown upside down with the red band at the top
   Economy    Philippines
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing The Philippine economy grew at its fastest pace in three decades with real GDP growth exceeding 7% in 2007. Higher government spending contributed to the growth, but a resilient service sector and large remittances from the millions of Filipinos who work abroad have played an increasingly important role. Economic growth has averaged 5% since President MACAPAGAL-ARROYO took office in 2001. Nevertheless, the Philippines will need still higher, sustained growth to make progress in alleviating poverty, given its high population growth and unequal distribution of income. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO averted a fiscal crisis by pushing for new revenue measures and, until recently, tightening expenditures. Declining fiscal deficits, tapering debt and debt service ratios, as well as recent efforts to increase spending on infrastructure and social services have heightened optimism over Philippine economic prospects. Although the general macroeconomic outlook has improved significantly, the Philippines continues to face important challenges and must maintain the reform momentum in order to catch up with regional competitors, improve employment opportunities, and alleviate poverty. Longer-term fiscal stability will require more sustainable revenue sources, rather than non-recurring revenues from privatization.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $300.1 billion (2007 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field Listing $144.1 billion (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 7.3% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $3,200 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing agriculture: 13.8%
industry: 31.7%
services: 54.5% (2007 est.)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 36.22 million (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing agriculture: 35%
industry: 15%
services: 50% (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 7.3% (2007 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing 30% (2003 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing lowest 10%: 2.4%
highest 10%: 31.2% (2006)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Definition Field Listing 45.8 (2006)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.8% (2007 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 14.8% of GDP (2007 est.)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing revenues: $24.63 billion
expenditures: $24.9 billion (2007 est.)
Public debt:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 55.8% of GDP (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing sugarcane, coconuts, rice, corn, bananas, cassavas, pineapples, mangoes; pork, eggs, beef; fish
Industries:
Definition Field Listing electronics assembly, garments, footwear, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, wood products, food processing, petroleum refining, fishing
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 7.1% (2007 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 53.67 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 46.86 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 bbl/day (2007 est.)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 340,000 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 34,900 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 353,700 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 152 million bbl (31 December 2006)
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.781 billion cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.781 billion cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 107.5 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $6.351 billion (2007 est.)
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $49.32 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing semiconductors and electronic products, transport equipment, garments, copper products, petroleum products, coconut oil, fruits
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing China 30.6%, US 13%, Japan 11.5%, Hong Kong 8.1%, Singapore 7.7% (2007)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $57.56 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing electronic products, mineral fuels, machinery and transport equipment, iron and steel, textile fabrics, grains, chemicals, plastic
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing Japan 14.6%, US 11.9%, China 11.6%, Singapore 9.5%, Taiwan 7.4%, South Korea 5.6%, Saudi Arabia 5%, Thailand 4.5%, Hong Kong 4.3% (2007)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing ODA, $451.4 million in commitments (2006)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $33.75 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $61.78 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $19.88 billion (2007 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $5.584 billion (2007 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $103.4 billion (2007)
Currency (code):
Definition Field Listing Philippine peso (PHP)
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing Philippine pesos per US dollar - 46.148 (2007), 51.246 (2006), 55.086 (2005), 56.04 (2004), 54.203 (2003)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing calendar year
   Communications    Philippines
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 3.633 million (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 51.795 million (2007)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing general assessment: good international radiotelephone and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate
domestic: domestic satellite system with 11 earth stations; cellular communications now dominate the industry; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density exceeds 50 telephones per 100 persons with more than 10 mobile cellular subscribers for every fixed-line subscriber
international: country code - 63; a series of submarine cables together provide connectivity to Asia, US, the Middle East, and Europe; multiple international gateways (2006)
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing AM 381, FM 628, shortwave 4 (each shortwave station operates on multiple frequencies in the language of the target audience) (2007)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing 250 (plus 1,501 CATV networks) (2007)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing .ph
Internet hosts:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 271,609 (2007)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 5.3 million (2007)
   Transportation    Philippines
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 255 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing total: 84
over 3,047 m: 4
2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 26
914 to 1,523 m: 36
under 914 m: 10 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field Listing total: 171
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
914 to 1,523 m: 68
under 914 m: 99 (2007)
Heliports:
Definition Field Listing 2 (2007)
Pipelines:
Definition Field Listing gas 565 km; oil 135 km; refined products 105 km (2007)
Railways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 897 km
narrow gauge: 897 km 1.067-m gauge (492 km are in operation) (2006)
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 200,037 km
paved: 19,804 km
unpaved: 180,233 km (2003)
Waterways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 3,219 km (limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5 m) (2007)
Merchant marine:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 388 ships (1000 GRT or over) 4,518,558 GRT/6,108,869 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 73, cargo 122, carrier 16, chemical tanker 17, container 5, liquefied gas 5, passenger 6, passenger/cargo 68, petroleum tanker 38, refrigerated cargo 14, roll on/roll off 13, vehicle carrier 11
foreign-owned: 158 (Bermuda 39, China 3, Greece 3, Hong Kong 1, Japan 83, Malaysia 1, Netherlands 23, Norway 2, Singapore 1, Taiwan 1, UAE 1)
registered in other countries: 28 (Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Comoros 1, Cyprus 1, Hong Kong 9, Indonesia 1, Panama 10, Singapore 4) (2008)
Ports and terminals:
Definition Field Listing Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Liman, Manila, Nasipit Harbor
Transportation - note:
Definition Field Listing the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial and offshore waters in the South China Sea as high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; numerous commercial vessels have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; hijacked vessels are often disguised and cargo diverted to ports in East Asia; crews have been murdered or cast adrift
   Military    Philippines
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP): Army, Navy (includes Marine Corps), Air Force (2008)
Military service age and obligation:
Definition Field Listing 18-25 years of age (officers 21-29) for compulsory and voluntary military service; applicants must be single male or female Philippine citizens (2007)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field Listing males age 16-49: 23,547,252
females age 16-49: 23,177,487 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field Listing males age 16-49: 18,232,050
females age 16-49: 19,827,538 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Definition Field Listing male: 1,012,779
female: 977,030 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0.9% of GDP (2005 est.)
   Transnational Issues    Philippines
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing Philippines claims sovereignty over certain of the Spratly Islands, known locally as the Kalayaan (Freedom) Islands, also claimed by China, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Vietnam; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands; Philippines retains a dormant claim to Malaysia's Sabah State in northern Borneo based on the Sultanate of Sulu's granting the Philippines Government power of attorney to pursue a sovereignty claim on his behalf; maritime delimitation negotiations continue with Palau
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Definition Field Listing IDPs: 300,000 (fighting between government troops and MILF and Abu Sayyaf groups) (2007)
Illicit drugs:
Definition Field Listing domestic methamphetamine production has been a growing problem in recent years despite government crackdowns; major consumer of amphetamines; longstanding marijuana producer mainly in rural areas where Manila's control is limited



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Source : CIA's World Fact Book 2008

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