Saint Lucia

source : World Fact Book 2008 (October 2008)

SEE UPDATED INFORMATION HERE

   Introduction    Saint Lucia
Background:
Definition Field Listing The island, with its fine natural harbor at Castries, was contested between England and France throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries (changing possession 14 times); it was finally ceded to the UK in 1814. Even after the abolition of slavery on its plantations in 1834, Saint Lucia remained an agricultural island, dedicated to producing tropical commodity crops. Self-government was granted in 1967 and independence in 1979.
   Geography    Saint Lucia
Location:
Definition Field Listing Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing 13 53 N, 60 58 W
Map references:
Definition Field Listing Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 616 sq km
land: 606 sq km
water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing 0 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing 158 km
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate:
Definition Field Listing tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season January to April, rainy season May to August
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Gimie 950 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing forests, sandy beaches, minerals (pumice), mineral springs, geothermal potential
Land use:
Definition Field Listing arable land: 6.45%
permanent crops: 22.58%
other: 70.97% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing 30 sq km (2003)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Definition Field Listing total: 0.01
per capita: 81 cu m/yr (1997)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing hurricanes and volcanic activity
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing deforestation; soil erosion, particularly in the northern region
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped peaks south of Soufriere, are one of the scenic natural highlights of the Caribbean
   People    Saint Lucia
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 159,585 (July 2008 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing 0-14 years: 25.2% (male 20,614/female 19,559)
15-64 years: 65.8% (male 50,897/female 54,140)
65 years and over: 9% (male 6,481/female 7,894) (2008 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing total: 29.2 years
male: 28.2 years
female: 30.2 years (2008 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing 0.436% (2008 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 15.4 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 6.71 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order -4.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 13.8 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 12.75 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total population: 76.25 years
male: 73.59 years
female: 79.05 years (2008 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 1.86 children born/woman (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order NA
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing noun: Saint Lucian(s)
adjective: Saint Lucian
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing black 82.5%, mixed 11.9%, East Indian 2.4%, other or unspecified 3.1% (2001 census)
Religions:
Definition Field Listing Roman Catholic 67.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.5%, Pentecostal 5.7%, Rastafarian 2.1%, Anglican 2%, Evangelical 2%, other Christian 5.1%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.5%, none 4.5% (2001 census)
Languages:
Definition Field Listing English (official), French patois
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 90.1%
male: 89.5%
female: 90.6% (2001 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Definition Field Listing total: 14 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2006)
Education expenditures:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 6.6% of GDP (2006)
   Government    Saint Lucia
Country name:
Definition Field Listing conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Lucia
Government type:
Definition Field Listing parliamentary democracy
Capital:
Definition Field Listing name: Castries
geographic coordinates: 14 01 N, 61 00 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing 11 quarters; Anse-la-Raye, Castries, Choiseul, Dauphin, Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Praslin, Soufriere, Vieux-Fort
Independence:
Definition Field Listing 22 February 1979 (from UK)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing Independence Day, 22 February (1979)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing 22 February 1979
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Dame Pearlette LOUISY (since September 1997)
head of government: Prime Minister Stephenson KING (since 9 September 2007); note - Sir John COMPTON died in office Friday, 7 September 2007
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
elections: the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; six members appointed on the advice of the prime minister, three on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and two after consultation with religious, economic, and social groups) and the House of Assembly (17 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: House of Assembly - last held 11 December 2006 (next to be held in December 2011)
election results: House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - UWP 50%, SLP 46.9%, other 3.1%; seats by party - UWP 11, SLP 6
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (jurisdiction extends to Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing National Alliance or NA [George ODLUM]; Saint Lucia Freedom Party or SFP [Martinus FRANCOIS]; Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP [Kenneth ANTHONY]; Sou Tout Apwe Fete Fini or STAFF [Christopher HUNTE]; United Workers Party or UWP [Stephenson KING]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing NA
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing chief of mission: Ambassador Michael LOUIS
chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016
telephone: [1] (202) 364-6792 through 6795
FAX: [1] (202) 364-6723
consulate(s) general: Miami, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing the US does not have an embassy in Saint Lucia; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Lucia
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing blue, with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges of the arrowhead have a white border
   Economy    Saint Lucia
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing The island nation has been able to attract foreign business and investment, especially in its offshore banking and tourism industries, with a surge in foreign direct investment in 2006, attributed to the construction of several tourism projects. Tourism is the main source of foreign exchange, with almost 900,000 arrivals in 2007. The manufacturing sector is the most diverse in the Eastern Caribbean area, and the government is trying to revitalize the banana industry. Saint Lucia is vulnerable to a variety of external shocks including declines in European Union banana preferences, volatile tourism receipts, natural disasters, and dependence on foreign oil. High debt servicing obligations constrain the KING administration's ability to respond to adverse external shocks. Economic fundamentals remain solid, even though unemployment needs to be reduced.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $1.794 billion (2007 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field Listing $958 million (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 3.2% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $10,700 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing agriculture: 5%
industry: 15%
services: 80% (2005 est.)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 43,800 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing agriculture: 21.7%
industry: 24.7%
services: 53.6% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 20% (2003 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 1.9% (2007 est.)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing revenues: $141.2 million
expenditures: $146.7 million (2000 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing bananas, coconuts, vegetables, citrus, root crops, cocoa
Industries:
Definition Field Listing clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated cardboard boxes, tourism; lime processing, coconut processing
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order -8.9% (1997 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 304.2 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 282.9 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2,700 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2,678 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (2005)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order -$199 million (2007 est.)
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $288 million (2006)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing bananas 41%, clothing, cocoa, vegetables, fruits, coconut oil
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing US 24.9%, France 23.6%, UK 19.6%, Antigua and Barbuda 5.1%, Dominica 5%, Barbados 4.5%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.2% (2007)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $791 million (2006)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing food 23%, manufactured goods 21%, machinery and transportation equipment 19%, chemicals, fuels
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing US 27.9%, Trinidad and Tobago 22.4%, Netherlands 8.7%, UK 4.9%, Barbados 4.7% (2007)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing $11.06 million (2005)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order $257 million (2004)
Currency (code):
Definition Field Listing East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing 1 April - 31 March
   Communications    Saint Lucia
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 51,100 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 105,700 (2005)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing general assessment: adequate system
domestic: system is automatically switched
international: country code - 1-758; the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) and Southern Caribbean fiber optic system (SCF) submarine cables, along with Intelsat from Martinique, carry calls internationally; direct microwave radio relay link with Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; tropospheric scatter to Barbados
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing 2 (1 commercial broadcast station and 1 community antenna television or CATV channel) (2003)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing .lc
Internet hosts:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 15 (2007)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 110,000 (2007)
   Transportation    Saint Lucia
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 910 km
paved: 48 km
unpaved: 862 km (2000)
Ports and terminals:
Definition Field Listing Castries, Cul-de-Sac, Vieux-Fort
   Military    Saint Lucia
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing no regular military forces; Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (includes Special Service Unit, Coast Guard) (2007)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field Listing males age 16-49: 48,358 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field Listing males age 16-49: 38,660 (2008 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Definition Field Listing male: 1,591
female: 1,504 (2008 est.)
Military expenditures:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order NA
   Transnational Issues    Saint Lucia
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
Illicit drugs:
Definition Field Listing transit point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe



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Source : CIA's World Fact Book 2008

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